Explore the question bank

Pediatrics curriculum

Browse the full curriculum by category, domain, topic, and subtopic, with question counts at every level.

Counts include individual SOE sub-questions. Questions may appear in more than one category; each is counted once in its pathway total.

Core

Core Pediatrics

2,264 questions

Acute and Emergency Care 247 questions

Initial assessment, triage, and stabilization 66 questions

Airway management fundamentals 18 questions

Airway positioning and basic adjuncts 3 questions

Bag-mask ventilation technique 4 questions

Difficult airway and rescue strategies 3 questions

Oxygen delivery methods 4 questions

Rapid sequence intubation (RSI) overview 4 questions

Pediatric assessment triangle and triage frameworks 19 questions

ABCDE primary survey 4 questions

Appearance, work of breathing, circulation to skin (PAT) 4 questions

Disposition and escalation decisions 4 questions

Secondary survey and history (SAMPLE/OPQRST) 4 questions

Triage acuity and red flags 3 questions

Shock, dehydration, and sepsis 15 questions

Adrenal crisis recognition (safety-critical) 3 questions

Anaphylaxis emergency management 3 questions

Dehydration and gastroenteritis emergency management 3 questions

Sepsis recognition and initial bundle concepts 3 questions

Shock recognition and classification 3 questions

Vascular access and resuscitation procedures 14 questions

Blood product resuscitation (trauma and hemorrhage) 4 questions

Fluid resuscitation principles 2 questions

Intraosseous (IO) access 2 questions

Peripheral IV and ultrasound-guided access (concept) 3 questions

Point-of-care testing and bedside tools 3 questions

Neurologic and toxicologic emergencies 61 questions

Altered mental status (AMS) differential and approach 17 questions

Immediate reversible causes 3 questions

Infection and CNS inflammation 3 questions

Metabolic and endocrine causes 4 questions

Toxicologic causes and toxidromes 4 questions

Trauma and intracranial hemorrhage 3 questions

Headache emergencies and increased intracranial pressure 16 questions

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) overview 3 questions

Intracranial hypertension initial management 4 questions

Meningitis/encephalitis headache patterns 3 questions

Migraine acute treatment basics 3 questions

Red flags in pediatric headache 3 questions

Poisoning and ingestion emergencies 14 questions

Button battery and magnet ingestion emergencies 3 questions

Common high-risk ingestions 3 questions

Household and environmental toxins 3 questions

Initial stabilization and decontamination principles 2 questions

Toxidrome-based management 3 questions

Seizure and status epilepticus management 14 questions

Acute benzodiazepine therapy 2 questions

Febrile seizure approach 3 questions

Immediate stabilization and glucose check 3 questions

Nonconvulsive status and postictal states 3 questions

Second-line anti-seizure medications (conceptual) 3 questions

Respiratory emergencies and common ED presentations 60 questions

Acute asthma exacerbation management 16 questions

Discharge planning and controller initiation 3 questions

Escalation therapies 4 questions

First-line therapies 3 questions

Severity assessment and monitoring 3 questions

Ventilation risk and intubation pitfalls 3 questions

Bronchiolitis and infant respiratory distress 14 questions

Admission criteria and monitoring 2 questions

Diagnosis and severity assessment 2 questions

Differential diagnosis of wheezing infant 4 questions

Supportive care and oxygen thresholds (conceptual) 3 questions

Therapies generally not recommended (board framing) 3 questions

Croup and upper airway obstruction 14 questions

Airway emergencies differential 4 questions

Assessment of severity and stridor 3 questions

Corticosteroid therapy 2 questions

Discharge vs admission criteria 2 questions

Nebulized epinephrine use 3 questions

Pneumonia and severe respiratory infection in ED 16 questions

Antibiotic choices (community) concept 4 questions

Clinical diagnosis and severity cues 3 questions

Complications and escalation 3 questions

Discharge instructions and follow-up 3 questions

Viral vs bacterial differentiation limitations 3 questions

Trauma, surgical, and procedural emergencies 60 questions

Burns and environmental injury 14 questions

Burn depth/extent estimation and initial care 3 questions

Electrical injury and lightning 2 questions

Fluid resuscitation in major burns (conceptual) 2 questions

Heat illness and hypothermia 4 questions

Inhalation injury recognition 3 questions

Common orthopedic emergencies 14 questions

Compartment syndrome and neurovascular emergencies 3 questions

Fracture recognition and initial management 3 questions

Limping child emergency differential 4 questions

Septic arthritis vs transient synovitis 2 questions

Supracondylar humerus fracture 2 questions

Pediatric procedural pain control and sedation (ED) 17 questions

Foreign body removal procedures 3 questions

Laceration repair and wound care basics 3 questions

Local anesthesia and nerve blocks (overview) 3 questions

Pain assessment and multimodal analgesia 4 questions

Procedural sedation safety 4 questions

Pediatric trauma primary survey and stabilization 15 questions

Abdominal trauma and FAST exam concept 3 questions

Head trauma assessment and imaging decisions 4 questions

Non-accidental trauma considerations 3 questions

Shock in trauma and hemorrhage control 3 questions

Spine precautions and airway considerations 2 questions

Basic Sciences 534 questions

Clinical epidemiology, biostatistics, and evidence-based practice 55 questions

Basic statistics interpretation (board level) 14 questions

Confidence intervals 3 questions

Hypothesis testing and p-values 3 questions

Inter-rater reliability and kappa 2 questions

Measures of central tendency and spread 3 questions

Regression basics (conceptual) 3 questions

Diagnostic test characteristics 13 questions

Decision rules (e.g., PECARN concept) 3 questions

Interpreting lab reference ranges in pediatrics 3 questions

Likelihood ratios and post-test probability 2 questions

ROC curves and thresholds (conceptual) 2 questions

Sensitivity, specificity, predictive values 3 questions

Screening principles and prevention evidence 15 questions

Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) 3 questions

Criteria for screening programs 4 questions

Ethics in evidence application 3 questions

Number needed to treat/harm 3 questions

Public health measures and outbreak basics 2 questions

Study designs and hierarchy of evidence 13 questions

Diagnostic test studies 3 questions

Interventional studies (RCTs) 3 questions

Observational studies (cohort, case-control, cross-sectional) 2 questions

Quality improvement vs research (distinction) 3 questions

Systematic reviews and meta-analyses 2 questions

Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics (core) 76 questions

Analgesia, sedation, and peri-procedural medications 18 questions

Common agents and adverse effects 4 questions

Local anesthetics and toxicity 4 questions

Non-opioid analgesics 3 questions

Opioids and respiratory depression risk 3 questions

Procedural sedation core concepts 4 questions

Antimicrobial classes and selection (foundational) 14 questions

Aminoglycosides and nephro/ototoxicity 2 questions

Antiviral/antifungal overview (core) 3 questions

Beta-lactams and cephalosporins 4 questions

Macrolides and atypical coverage 3 questions

MRSA agents (clindamycin, TMP-SMX, vancomycin, linezolid) 2 questions

Common pediatric chronic medication classes (core board level) 16 questions

Antiepileptic drugs overview 3 questions

Asthma/allergy pharmacotherapy basics 4 questions

Cardiac medications basics 3 questions

Endocrine medications basics 3 questions

Psychotropic basics (overview) 3 questions

Pediatric dosing principles and medication safety 14 questions

Adverse drug reaction types 3 questions

Medication reconciliation and error prevention 3 questions

Routes of administration and bioavailability 3 questions

Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) basics 3 questions

Weight-based dosing and dose limits 2 questions

Pediatric pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics 14 questions

Absorption differences by age 3 questions

Distribution (body water/fat, protein binding) 3 questions

Elimination (renal maturation) 3 questions

Metabolism (hepatic enzymes) 2 questions

Pharmacogenomics basics (board overview) 3 questions

Developmental physiology and anatomy 103 questions

Fetal-to-neonatal transition physiology 15 questions

Cardiovascular transition and shunts 3 questions

Neonatal glucose homeostasis 3 questions

Placental to pulmonary gas exchange transition 3 questions

Respiratory adaptation 3 questions

Thermoregulation at birth 3 questions

GI, hepatic, and pancreatic developmental physiology 14 questions

Bilirubin metabolism 2 questions

Feeding physiology and gastric emptying 4 questions

Gut microbiome concepts (board-relevant) 3 questions

Liver synthetic function and vitamin K 3 questions

Pancreatic function maturation 2 questions

Hematopoiesis and pediatric hemostasis basics 16 questions

Age-based CBC norms 3 questions

Coagulation and bleeding evaluation foundations 3 questions

Hemoglobin switching and oxygen affinity 3 questions

Iron metabolism and erythropoiesis 3 questions

Transfusion medicine basics 4 questions

Neurodevelopmental physiology (foundation) 15 questions

Brain development timing and vulnerability 3 questions

Intracranial pressure basics 3 questions

Pain pathways and developmental differences 3 questions

Seizure physiology overview 3 questions

Sleep physiology across development 3 questions

Pediatric cardiovascular physiology basics 13 questions

Blood pressure norms and perfusion 3 questions

Cardiac output determinants by age 2 questions

Congenital heart physiology patterns 3 questions

Oxygen delivery and consumption 2 questions

Shock physiology overview 3 questions

Pediatric respiratory mechanics basics 15 questions

Age-dependent airway anatomy 3 questions

Basic blood gas interpretation 4 questions

Pulmonary defense mechanisms 3 questions

Ventilation-perfusion relationships 3 questions

Work of breathing and fatigue 2 questions

Renal maturation and fluid homeostasis 15 questions

Acid handling and bicarbonate physiology 3 questions

Neonatal electrolyte vulnerabilities 3 questions

Neonatal renal function and GFR maturation 3 questions

Urine output norms and interpretation 3 questions

Water balance regulation 3 questions

Fluids, electrolytes, and acid–base 83 questions

Acid–base disorders and interpretation 17 questions

Bicarbonate therapy: indications and risks 4 questions

Metabolic acidosis differential (high vs normal anion gap) 4 questions

Metabolic alkalosis differential 3 questions

Respiratory acidosis/alkalosis scenarios 3 questions

Stepwise blood gas interpretation 3 questions

Calcium, magnesium, and phosphate disorders 13 questions

Hypercalcemia differential and initial workup 2 questions

Hypomagnesemia and refractory hypokalemia/hypocalcemia 2 questions

Neonatal hypocalcemia (early/late) 3 questions

Phosphate abnormalities (refeeding, DKA) 3 questions

QT prolongation and electrolyte-related arrhythmias 3 questions

Hypernatremia in children 13 questions

Central diabetes insipidus management 3 questions

Correction strategy and monitoring 3 questions

Etiologies and diagnostic approach 3 questions

Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus basics 2 questions

Neurologic complications of dysnatremias 2 questions

Hyponatremia in children 14 questions

Acute symptomatic hyponatremia management 3 questions

Classification by volume status 3 questions

Osmotic demyelination risk 2 questions

Pseudohyponatremia and lab pitfalls 3 questions

SIADH approach 3 questions

Maintenance fluids and dehydration management 13 questions

Assessment of dehydration severity 3 questions

Hypernatremic dehydration 2 questions

IV fluid bolus and deficit replacement 3 questions

Maintenance fluid calculation and composition 3 questions

Oral rehydration therapy (ORT) 2 questions

Potassium disorders (hypo/hyperkalemia) 13 questions

Hyperkalemia emergency management 3 questions

Hyperkalemia recognition and ECG changes 3 questions

Hypokalemia causes and evaluation 2 questions

Renal tubular disorders related to potassium 3 questions

Replacement strategies and safety 2 questions

Genetics and metabolism (introductory) 57 questions

Dysmorphology and congenital anomaly approach 15 questions

Approach to a dysmorphic child 3 questions

Common genetic syndromes (core list) 3 questions

Referral and multidisciplinary care 2 questions

Syndromic vs sequence vs association concepts 3 questions

Teratology basics 4 questions

Genetic testing modalities and indications 13 questions

Ethical considerations in pediatric genetics 2 questions

Karyotype, microarray, and targeted panels 3 questions

Newborn screening follow-up basics 3 questions

Prenatal testing concepts (board-level) 2 questions

Single-gene sequencing and exome/genome sequencing 3 questions

Inborn errors: pattern recognition (intro) 13 questions

Hypoglycemia patterns and ketones 3 questions

Lactic acidosis and mitochondrial disease overview 2 questions

Metabolic acidosis and hyperammonemia patterns 3 questions

Newborn with lethargy/vomiting after feeds 3 questions

Recurrent rhabdomyolysis and exercise intolerance 2 questions

Patterns of inheritance and pedigree interpretation 16 questions

Autosomal dominant/recessive patterns 3 questions

Chromosomal abnormalities overview 4 questions

De novo variants and recurrence risk 3 questions

Multifactorial inheritance and risk 3 questions

X-linked and mitochondrial inheritance 3 questions

Immunology, inflammation, and allergy foundations 84 questions

Autoimmunity and immune dysregulation fundamentals 16 questions

Autoantibodies and immune tolerance concepts 3 questions

Autoinflammatory syndromes (intro) 4 questions

Cytokine storm/HLH conceptual bridge 3 questions

Cytopenias and autoimmune disease links 3 questions

Immune-mediated kidney and skin disease examples 3 questions

Hypersensitivity and allergic disease mechanisms 19 questions

Atopic disease spectrum 4 questions

Drug allergy vs intolerance 3 questions

Food allergy mechanisms and tolerance 4 questions

Type I (IgE-mediated) reactions 4 questions

Type II/III/IV hypersensitivity examples 4 questions

Innate and adaptive immune system basics 17 questions

Adaptive immunity components 4 questions

Complement system basics 3 questions

Inflammation resolution and chronic inflammation 3 questions

Innate immunity components 4 questions

Mucosal immunity and IgA 3 questions

Primary immunodeficiency (PID) overview and red flags 16 questions

Basic lab evaluation of immune function 3 questions

Clinical warning signs and patterns 3 questions

Immunization considerations in immunocompromise 3 questions

Secondary immunodeficiency causes 3 questions

T-cell vs B-cell vs phagocyte vs complement defects 4 questions

Vaccine immunology foundations 16 questions

Active vs passive immunity principles 3 questions

Adjuvants and immunogenicity 3 questions

Herd immunity and population impact (exam framing) 4 questions

Live attenuated vs inactivated vaccines 3 questions

Vaccine adverse events and safety systems 3 questions

Nutrition, growth biology, and metabolic fundamentals 76 questions

Energy metabolism and common IEM overview (intro) 14 questions

Acute metabolic decompensation first steps 2 questions

Basic pathways (glycogen, FAO, urea cycle) 4 questions

Hypoglycemia differential by age 3 questions

Newborn screen concept and limitations 2 questions

When to refer for metabolic/genetic evaluation 3 questions

Failure to thrive (FTT) and malnutrition 15 questions

Definitions and anthropometric assessment 3 questions

Differential diagnosis framework 3 questions

Initial evaluation and targeted testing 3 questions

Multidisciplinary management and safeguarding interface 3 questions

Nutritional rehabilitation 3 questions

Infant feeding (breastfeeding and formula) 16 questions

Breast milk composition and benefits (exam framing) 2 questions

Complementary feeding and allergen introduction 4 questions

Feeding difficulties and red flags 3 questions

Formula types and indications 4 questions

Lactation management basics 3 questions

Micronutrients and deficiency states 16 questions

Iodine and thyroid development 3 questions

Iron deficiency and anemia prevention 2 questions

Vitamin A, E, K deficiencies (board-relevant) 4 questions

Vitamin D and calcium 4 questions

Zinc and trace elements 3 questions

Pediatric obesity and metabolic risk 15 questions

BMI classification and staging 4 questions

Lifestyle intervention fundamentals 2 questions

Metabolic syndrome and NAFLD overview 3 questions

Obesity pharmacotherapy and bariatric basics (board overview) 3 questions

Weight stigma and counseling skills 3 questions

Behavioral and Psychosocial Health 132 questions

Common pediatric behavioral and mental health disorders 75 questions

ADHD evaluation and management 16 questions

Behavioral interventions and school supports 3 questions

Comorbidity screening 3 questions

Diagnostic criteria and differential 3 questions

Medication management (stimulants and non-stimulants) 3 questions

Monitoring and follow-up 4 questions

Anxiety disorders in children and adolescents 16 questions

Common anxiety presentations by age 2 questions

First-line treatments 4 questions

Panic attacks and acute anxiety management 3 questions

Screening and assessment 3 questions

SSRI use basics and safety 4 questions

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and neurodiversity-affirming care 15 questions

Behavioral supports and therapies (overview) 3 questions

Common comorbidities 3 questions

Core features and early signs 4 questions

Counseling families and resources 3 questions

Screening and referral pathways 2 questions

Behavior problems, ODD/conduct concerns, and aggression 14 questions

Behavioral interventions and parent management training 3 questions

Crisis management and safety 2 questions

Medication role (overview) 3 questions

Normal vs concerning behavior by age 3 questions

Oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder overview 3 questions

Depression, self-harm, and suicide risk 14 questions

Depressive symptoms recognition 2 questions

Grief reactions and adjustment disorders 3 questions

Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) 3 questions

Suicide risk assessment and safety planning 3 questions

Treatment basics (therapy and SSRIs) 3 questions

Psychosocial pediatrics and systems of care 57 questions

Family systems and parenting support 13 questions

Caregiver burnout and support services 2 questions

Divorce, custody, and blended families (overview) 3 questions

Family assessment in pediatrics 3 questions

Parenting styles and counseling 3 questions

Siblings and chronic illness impact 2 questions

School collaboration and educational systems interface 14 questions

Behavior plans and communication with educators 4 questions

Bullying, cyberbullying, and peer conflict 3 questions

IEP/504 and clinician role (overview) 2 questions

Learning disorders and neuropsych testing referral 3 questions

School avoidance and refusal 2 questions

Substance use and risk behaviors (intro) 16 questions

Internet safety and digital wellbeing 3 questions

Opioid exposure and overdose prevention (overview) 3 questions

Sexual risk behaviors and consent (overview) 3 questions

Substance use screening in adolescents 3 questions

Vaping, cannabis, and alcohol counseling 4 questions

Trauma-informed care and adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) 14 questions

Recognizing trauma exposure and symptoms 3 questions

Resilience-building and protective factors 3 questions

Screening and referral to mental health resources 2 questions

Special populations (foster care, refugees) 4 questions

Trauma-informed communication principles 2 questions

Growth and Development 169 questions

Behavioral development and parenting counseling 55 questions

Discipline strategies and behavioral management counseling 12 questions

Bullying and peer conflict counseling 2 questions

Positive parenting and reinforcement 3 questions

Screen time and media counseling 2 questions

Temper tantrums and normal opposition 3 questions

Time-out and limit setting 2 questions

Sleep development and sleep hygiene counseling 14 questions

Behavioral insomnia of childhood 3 questions

Night terrors and parasomnias 3 questions

Normal sleep needs by age 3 questions

Safe sleep counseling 3 questions

Sleep-disordered breathing red flags 2 questions

Temperament and attachment 14 questions

Attachment development and disruption 3 questions

Counseling in diverse family structures 3 questions

Parent–child interaction assessment 3 questions

Postpartum mental health effects on child development 2 questions

Temperament traits and goodness-of-fit 3 questions

Toilet training and elimination development 15 questions

Encopresis and constipation linkage 3 questions

Enuresis basics (developmental context) 3 questions

Normal urinary frequency patterns 3 questions

Red flags in elimination 3 questions

Toilet training readiness and approaches 3 questions

Developmental milestones and neurodevelopment 70 questions

Developmental screening and surveillance 15 questions

Common screening tools (conceptual familiarity) 3 questions

Cultural and socioeconomic considerations 3 questions

Early intervention pathways 3 questions

Hearing and vision contributions to delay 3 questions

Surveillance vs screening (concept) 3 questions

Global developmental delay and intellectual disability evaluation 13 questions

Comorbidity screening and management 3 questions

Etiology categories and prognosis counseling 3 questions

History and exam approach 3 questions

Initial investigations (evidence-based) 2 questions

Neuroimaging indications 2 questions

Milestones across domains (gross motor, fine motor, language, social) 14 questions

Developmental red flags and urgent referral triggers 3 questions

Fine motor and vision-dependent skills 2 questions

Gross motor milestones 3 questions

Language milestones (receptive and expressive) 3 questions

Social-emotional and play development 3 questions

Motor development and neuromotor disorders (intro) 15 questions

Cerebral palsy (CP) basics 3 questions

Developmental coordination disorder (overview) 3 questions

Gross motor delay evaluation 3 questions

Hypotonia approach 4 questions

Toe walking differential 2 questions

Speech/language and learning issues 13 questions

Counseling families and coordinating supports 2 questions

Executive function development 3 questions

Language delay differential diagnosis 3 questions

Learning disorders and school performance 2 questions

Stuttering and speech sound disorders 3 questions

Normal growth and physical maturation 44 questions

Anthropometrics and growth chart interpretation 15 questions

BMI and weight-for-length in pediatrics 4 questions

Bone age fundamentals 4 questions

Growth velocity and pattern recognition 2 questions

Mid-parental height and familial short stature 2 questions

Weight, length/height, head circumference standards 3 questions

Normal physical exam findings by age 15 questions

Adolescent normal variants 3 questions

Infant and toddler exam nuances 3 questions

Newborn normal variants 3 questions

Normal neurologic exam development 3 questions

Red flags requiring urgent evaluation 3 questions

Puberty and sexual maturation (Tanner staging) 14 questions

Delayed puberty evaluation 2 questions

Disorders of sex development (DSD) overview 3 questions

Menstrual physiology and normal variation 2 questions

Normal puberty timing and sequence 3 questions

Precocious puberty evaluation 4 questions

Infectious and Immune Disorders 180 questions

Antimicrobial stewardship and infection control 45 questions

Primary immunodeficiency and allergy/anaphylaxis (clinical) 14 questions

Anaphylaxis diagnosis and management 3 questions

Evaluation of suspected immunodeficiency 3 questions

Food allergy evaluation and counseling (core) 2 questions

Recurrent infections: common mimics and pitfalls 3 questions

Urticaria and angioedema approach 3 questions

Principles of antimicrobial stewardship 14 questions

Antibiotic-associated adverse events 3 questions

Antibiotic allergy evaluation and delabeling (conceptual) 2 questions

Diagnostic stewardship 2 questions

Duration of therapy concepts 3 questions

Narrowing therapy based on cultures 4 questions

Standard and transmission-based precautions 17 questions

Contact, droplet, airborne isolation 4 questions

Hand hygiene and PPE 3 questions

Healthcare-associated infections (HAI) overview 3 questions

Outbreak management in clinics and schools 4 questions

Post-exposure prophylaxis for select infections 3 questions

Approach to fever and serious bacterial infection 44 questions

Bacterial meningitis and encephalitis (core) 14 questions

Clinical presentation by age and red flags 3 questions

Complications and follow-up 3 questions

CSF interpretation basics 3 questions

Empiric therapy principles (conceptual) 3 questions

Lumbar puncture indications and contraindications 2 questions

Fever in neonates and young infants (0–60/90 days) 15 questions

Empiric antimicrobial therapy (conceptual) 4 questions

Evaluation components 4 questions

Follow-up and culture monitoring systems 2 questions

Risk stratification principles (conceptual) 2 questions

Special scenarios 3 questions

Fever without source in older infants/children 15 questions

Fever in special hosts 3 questions

Occult bacteremia era concepts 2 questions

Prolonged fever and fever of unknown origin (FUO) overview 3 questions

Sepsis recognition and management 3 questions

UTI as common source 4 questions

Common pediatric infections by syndrome 91 questions

Bone and joint infections 14 questions

Differential diagnoses (malignancy, inflammatory) 3 questions

Kingella kingae considerations 3 questions

Lyme arthritis (regional) 2 questions

Osteomyelitis 3 questions

Septic arthritis 3 questions

Gastrointestinal infections and dehydration 17 questions

Acute viral gastroenteritis 4 questions

Bacterial enteritis and dysentery 3 questions

C. difficile infection (overview) 3 questions

Parasitic diarrhea (Giardia) 3 questions

Viral hepatitis overview in children 4 questions

Lower respiratory infections (pneumonia, pertussis, TB overview) 15 questions

Aspiration pneumonia and chronic lung disease infection considerations 3 questions

Community-acquired pneumonia management 3 questions

Influenza and antiviral use 4 questions

Pertussis 3 questions

Tuberculosis (TB) basics 2 questions

Skin and soft tissue infections 14 questions

Abscess and community-associated MRSA 3 questions

Bite wounds and prophylaxis 3 questions

Impetigo and cellulitis 3 questions

Lymphangitis and systemic infection clues 2 questions

Varicella and HSV skin manifestations 3 questions

Upper respiratory infections and pharyngitis 16 questions

Acute otitis media and otitis externa 5 questions

Cervical lymphadenitis and deep neck space infections 2 questions

Infectious mononucleosis 3 questions

Streptococcal pharyngitis 3 questions

Viral URI vs bacterial features 3 questions

Urinary tract infections 15 questions

Diagnosis and urine collection methods 3 questions

Imaging after first febrile UTI (conceptual) 3 questions

Recurrent UTI prevention 2 questions

Treatment strategies and duration concepts 4 questions

UTI in neonates and special hosts 3 questions

Neonatal and Perinatal Care 143 questions

Common neonatal problems and early infancy presentations 86 questions

Common neonatal respiratory presentations 12 questions

Apnea in the newborn period 2 questions

Meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) 2 questions

Neonatal pneumonia and sepsis overlap 2 questions

Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) overview 3 questions

Transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN) 3 questions

Congenital anomalies recognized at birth (core) 13 questions

Cardiac anomalies suspicion and initial steps 2 questions

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) overview 3 questions

GI obstruction presentations 3 questions

Neural tube defects and sacral anomalies 3 questions

Orofacial clefts and feeding/airway issues 2 questions

Early-onset and late-onset neonatal sepsis (principles) 13 questions

Clinical presentation and evaluation 2 questions

Empiric antibiotic choices (conceptual) 3 questions

HSV infection recognition in neonate 2 questions

Prevention strategies (GBS prophylaxis, hygiene) 4 questions

Risk factors and typical organisms 2 questions

Neonatal feeding issues and weight loss 16 questions

Breastfeeding jaundice and breast milk jaundice 3 questions

Cow’s milk protein allergy in infancy (overview) 3 questions

Expected newborn weight loss and regain 3 questions

Oral thrush and diaper dermatitis 4 questions

Vomiting in the neonate (differential) 3 questions

Neonatal jaundice and hyperbilirubinemia management 16 questions

Exchange transfusion (overview) 4 questions

Kernicterus and neurotoxicity risk 3 questions

Phototherapy principles 3 questions

Physiologic vs pathologic jaundice 3 questions

Workup for hemolysis and cholestasis 3 questions

Safe discharge planning and early follow-up 16 questions

Discharge readiness criteria 3 questions

Early outpatient follow-up planning 3 questions

Maternal mental health and social supports (discharge context) 3 questions

Parental counseling essentials 4 questions

Special discharge for late preterm/SGA 3 questions

Delivery room and immediate newborn care 57 questions

Initial stabilization and neonatal resuscitation principles 15 questions

Chest compressions and epinephrine basics 2 questions

Initial steps: warmth, airway positioning, stimulation 4 questions

Positive pressure ventilation (PPV) fundamentals 3 questions

Post-resuscitation care and disposition 2 questions

Preparation and team roles 4 questions

Newborn physical exam and common normal variants 13 questions

Cardiac and respiratory exam findings 3 questions

Genital exam and ambiguous genitalia first steps 2 questions

Hip exam and musculoskeletal screening 2 questions

Skin findings and birth trauma recognition 3 questions

Vital signs and gestational age assessment 3 questions

Routine newborn prophylaxis and screening 13 questions

Critical congenital heart disease (CCHD) screen 2 questions

Hyperbilirubinemia screening approach 2 questions

Newborn hearing screening 3 questions

Newborn metabolic screen follow-up 3 questions

Vitamin K, eye prophylaxis, and hepatitis B vaccine 3 questions

Thermoregulation and glucose management in newborns 16 questions

Hyperglycemia in preterm/ill neonate (overview) 2 questions

Hypothermia prevention and treatment 5 questions

Monitoring and discharge safety checks 3 questions

Neonatal hypoglycemia screening and thresholds (conceptual) 3 questions

Polycythemia and hyperviscosity (overview) 3 questions

Organ System Pediatrics 628 questions

Cardiology 74 questions

Approach to heart murmur 15 questions

Associated symptoms and exam clues 3 questions

Common congenital lesions (overview) 3 questions

Endocarditis prophylaxis concepts 3 questions

Innocent vs pathologic murmurs 3 questions

Murmur timing and radiation interpretation 3 questions

Arrhythmias and syncope 17 questions

Bradycardia and heart block overview 4 questions

Chest pain in pediatrics approach 3 questions

Long QT and channelopathies (board overview) 4 questions

SVT recognition and acute management 3 questions

Syncope evaluation 3 questions

Cyanosis and congenital heart disease 14 questions

Central vs peripheral cyanosis evaluation 3 questions

Cyanotic spells (TOF) management 3 questions

Ductal-dependent lesions 3 questions

Mixing lesions and parallel circulation 3 questions

Pulmonary hypertension in pediatrics (overview) 2 questions

Heart failure and cardiomyopathy 13 questions

Arrhythmias causing cardiomyopathy (tachycardia-induced) 3 questions

Clinical recognition in infants and children 3 questions

Etiologies by age 3 questions

Initial management principles 2 questions

Myocarditis and pericarditis basics 2 questions

Hypertension and hyperlipidemia (core) 15 questions

Accurate BP measurement and interpretation 3 questions

Dyslipidemia screening and management overview 4 questions

Initial evaluation and management 3 questions

Kawasaki disease coronary follow-up linkage 2 questions

Secondary hypertension causes by age 3 questions

Endocrinology 70 questions

Adrenal and pituitary disorders 12 questions

Adrenal insufficiency and adrenal crisis 2 questions

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) basics 2 questions

Cushing syndrome overview 3 questions

Diabetes insipidus vs SIADH (endocrine perspective) 2 questions

Pituitary tumors and hypopituitarism overview 3 questions

Calcium/vitamin D and bone metabolism 15 questions

Bone health in chronic disease 3 questions

Disorders of phosphate handling (overview) 3 questions

Hypercalcemia differential (peds) 3 questions

Hypocalcemia emergencies 3 questions

Rickets and vitamin D deficiency 3 questions

Diabetes mellitus (type 1 and type 2) 16 questions

Diabetes technology (overview) 3 questions

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) basics 4 questions

Hypoglycemia recognition and treatment 3 questions

Type 1 diabetes presentation and diagnosis 3 questions

Type 2 diabetes in youth overview 3 questions

Growth disorders and short/tall stature 14 questions

Growth hormone deficiency overview 3 questions

Growth hormone therapy indications (overview) 3 questions

Precocious and delayed puberty linkages 2 questions

Short stature evaluation framework 3 questions

Tall stature differential 3 questions

Thyroid disorders 13 questions

Acquired hypothyroidism (Hashimoto) 2 questions

Congenital hypothyroidism 4 questions

Hyperthyroidism (Graves) overview 3 questions

Sick euthyroid syndrome pitfalls 2 questions

Thyroid nodules and cancer risk (overview) 2 questions

Gastroenterology and Hepatology 85 questions

Approach to abdominal pain 14 questions

Biliary and pancreatic pain (overview) 2 questions

Constipation-related pain 3 questions

Functional abdominal pain disorders (FAPD) 3 questions

Inflammatory causes (IBD) suspicion 3 questions

Red flags and urgent surgical causes 3 questions

Constipation and encopresis 12 questions

Disimpaction strategies 2 questions

Encopresis and psychosocial impact 2 questions

Functional constipation diagnosis and red flags 3 questions

Maintenance therapy and relapse prevention 2 questions

Secondary causes (Hirschsprung, hypothyroid, celiac) 3 questions

Diarrhea and malabsorption 15 questions

Acute diarrhea evaluation and ORT 4 questions

Celiac disease 2 questions

Lactose intolerance and carbohydrate malabsorption 4 questions

Persistent/chronic diarrhea differential 3 questions

Protein-losing enteropathy (overview) 2 questions

GI bleeding and anemia-related GI issues 15 questions

Intussusception and ischemic bleeding 3 questions

Lower GI bleeding (hematochezia) approach 3 questions

Occult blood and iron deficiency evaluation 2 questions

Upper GI bleeding (hematemesis, melena) approach 4 questions

Variceal bleeding and portal hypertension (overview) 3 questions

Hepatobiliary disease patterns 14 questions

Acute hepatitis and elevated transaminases 3 questions

Cholestasis in infants 3 questions

Gallstones and biliary colic (pediatrics) 2 questions

Liver synthetic dysfunction and coagulopathy 3 questions

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) overview 3 questions

Vomiting and GERD 15 questions

Antiemetics and dehydration management 3 questions

Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) vs GERD 2 questions

Increased ICP and systemic causes of vomiting 3 questions

Rumination and eating disorder-related vomiting (overview) 3 questions

Vomiting differential by age (non-bilious vs bilious) 4 questions

Hematology and Oncology 62 questions

Approach to anemia in children 17 questions

Hemolytic anemia overview 3 questions

Iron deficiency anemia management 3 questions

MCV-based differential diagnosis 4 questions

Reticulocyte count interpretation 3 questions

Transfusion decisions (anemia) 4 questions

Bleeding and clotting disorders 17 questions

Approach to bruising and bleeding 4 questions

Coagulation test interpretation 3 questions

Hemophilia and von Willebrand disease 3 questions

ITP and thrombocytopenia evaluation 3 questions

Thrombosis and anticoagulation basics (overview) 4 questions

Hemoglobinopathies and sickle cell disease 15 questions

Acute chest syndrome and vaso-occlusive crises 3 questions

Newborn screening and counseling 3 questions

Sickle cell disease baseline management 4 questions

Splenic sequestration and aplastic crisis 2 questions

Thalassemia overview 3 questions

Leukemia/lymphoma recognition and oncologic emergencies 13 questions

CBC abnormalities suggesting leukemia 2 questions

Febrile neutropenia principles 2 questions

Mediastinal mass syndrome 2 questions

Red flags for malignancy in children 3 questions

Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) 4 questions

Nephrology and Urology 74 questions

Acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) overview 15 questions

AKI definitions and staging (conceptual) 3 questions

AKI initial management 3 questions

CKD complications (overview) 3 questions

Dialysis and transplant basics (board overview) 3 questions

Postrenal obstruction recognition 3 questions

Congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) and voiding disorders 15 questions

Antenatal hydronephrosis and postnatal evaluation 3 questions

Enuresis and bladder/bowel dysfunction 3 questions

Posterior urethral valves (PUV) 3 questions

UTI prevention counseling and hygiene 3 questions

Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) overview 3 questions

Hematuria evaluation 14 questions

Common glomerular causes 3 questions

Glomerular vs non-glomerular sources 2 questions

Microscopic vs gross hematuria 3 questions

Referral criteria to nephrology/urology 3 questions

Stones and hypercalciuria (overview) 3 questions

Nephritic syndromes and glomerulonephritis 14 questions

Acute post-streptococcal GN 3 questions

Hypertensive urgency in nephritic syndrome 2 questions

IgA nephropathy / IgA vasculitis nephritis 3 questions

Membranoproliferative GN and complement disorders (overview) 3 questions

Rapidly progressive GN (RPGN) overview 3 questions

Proteinuria and nephrotic syndrome 16 questions

Complications and prophylaxis 3 questions

Nephrotic syndrome (minimal change) presentation 3 questions

Screening and quantification 3 questions

Steroid therapy principles and response monitoring 4 questions

When to biopsy and refer 3 questions

Neurology 60 questions

Headache and migraine 16 questions

Acute migraine management 2 questions

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension overview 3 questions

Preventive therapy overview 3 questions

Primary headache types in children 4 questions

Secondary headache red flags 4 questions

Neurodevelopmental and movement disorders (core overview) 15 questions

Ataxia differential 3 questions

Cerebral palsy recognition and classification 3 questions

Dystonia and chorea (overview) 3 questions

Neurocutaneous syndromes (overview) 3 questions

Tics and Tourette syndrome 3 questions

Neuromuscular weakness and hypotonia 15 questions

Central vs peripheral hypotonia differentiation 2 questions

Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) basics 3 questions

Muscular dystrophy and Gowers sign 3 questions

Myasthenia gravis and botulism overview 4 questions

Spinal muscular atrophy (overview) 3 questions

Seizure disorders and epilepsy (outpatient framework) 14 questions

Antiseizure medications: common adverse effects 4 questions

Common epilepsy syndromes (board overview) 3 questions

Febrile seizures counseling 2 questions

Initial evaluation after first unprovoked seizure 3 questions

Seizure classification basics 2 questions

Pulmonology and Sleep 74 questions

Asthma diagnosis and long-term management 17 questions

Asthma diagnosis criteria and differential 4 questions

Asthma education and inhaler technique 4 questions

Severe asthma and referral indications 2 questions

Stepwise controller therapy (conceptual) 3 questions

Trigger management and comorbidities 4 questions

Bronchiolitis, recurrent wheeze, and early childhood wheezing phenotypes 15 questions

Bronchiolitis supportive care and complications 4 questions

Chronic lung disease of prematurity (overview) 2 questions

Episodic viral wheeze vs early asthma 3 questions

Foreign body aspiration 2 questions

Stridor and upper airway disorders 4 questions

Chronic cough and recurrent respiratory infections 13 questions

Aspiration and swallowing dysfunction 3 questions

Cough duration approach (acute/subacute/chronic) 3 questions

Cystic fibrosis overview and screening linkage 2 questions

Immunodeficiency linkage and evaluation triggers 2 questions

Primary ciliary dyskinesia (overview) 3 questions

Pneumonia, pleural effusion, and empyema 14 questions

Atypical and aspiration pneumonia 3 questions

CAP diagnosis and outpatient/inpatient decisions 3 questions

Complicated pneumonia (effusion/empyema) 3 questions

Necrotizing pneumonia and lung abscess (overview) 2 questions

Recurrent pneumonia evaluation 3 questions

Sleep-disordered breathing and pediatric sleep disorders (core) 15 questions

Evaluation and polysomnography concepts 3 questions

Management pathways 3 questions

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) recognition 2 questions

Parasomnias and restless sleep 3 questions

Sleep hygiene counseling in pediatrics 4 questions

Rheumatology 129 questions

Dermatology 23 questions

Acne and adolescent dermatology basics 3 questions

Atopic dermatitis and eczema management 3 questions

Common pediatric rashes and exanthems 4 questions

Hemangiomas and vascular lesions (overview) 4 questions

Neonatal skin conditions 3 questions

Skin findings suggesting systemic disease 3 questions

Urticaria, angioedema, and drug rashes 3 questions

ENT and Ophthalmology 24 questions

Conjunctivitis and eye emergencies 3 questions

Dizziness/vertigo in children (overview) 4 questions

Epistaxis and nasal obstruction 3 questions

Hearing loss evaluation basics 3 questions

Otitis media with effusion and recurrent AOM 4 questions

Pharyngitis and peritonsillar/retropharyngeal abscess 4 questions

Vision screening abnormalities and amblyopia prevention 3 questions

IgA vasculitis (Henoch–Schönlein purpura) 13 questions

Clinical features and diagnosis 3 questions

Complications 2 questions

Differential diagnosis of purpura 3 questions

Renal involvement monitoring 3 questions

Treatment and indications for steroids 2 questions

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) 14 questions

Initial treatment principles 3 questions

JIA subtypes and presentation patterns 3 questions

Rehabilitation and functional outcomes 3 questions

Systemic JIA and MAS (overview) 3 questions

Uveitis screening 2 questions

Kawasaki disease 16 questions

Coronary artery aneurysm follow-up 4 questions

Diagnostic criteria and incomplete Kawasaki 4 questions

Kawasaki shock syndrome (overview) 3 questions

MIS-C vs Kawasaki differentiation (overview) 2 questions

Treatment (IVIG and aspirin) 3 questions

Musculoskeletal and Orthopedics 22 questions

Bone metabolism and fracture risk (overview) 3 questions

Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) 4 questions

Limping child evaluation 3 questions

SCFE and adolescent hip pain 3 questions

Scoliosis and back pain red flags 3 questions

Septic arthritis and osteomyelitis 3 questions

Sports injuries and overuse (overview) 3 questions

SLE and systemic autoimmune disease (overview) 17 questions

Autoantibody testing and interpretation 3 questions

Lupus nephritis overview 3 questions

Medication adverse effects and monitoring 4 questions

Pediatric SLE presentation patterns 4 questions

Vasculitis and connective tissue diseases (board overview) 3 questions

Preventive and Community Care 141 questions

Community pediatrics and population health 61 questions

Care delivery systems in ambulatory pediatrics 14 questions

Chronic disease management in the community 3 questions

Medical home and care coordination 2 questions

Population health metrics and quality measures (overview) 3 questions

Telehealth and remote monitoring (overview) 4 questions

Vaccination storage and clinic operations safety 2 questions

Child advocacy and public health policy (board overview) 18 questions

Disaster preparedness and emergency planning for families 3 questions

Global child health (core concepts) 4 questions

Immigrant/refugee child health basics 5 questions

Public insurance and access to care concepts 3 questions

Screening programs and population interventions 3 questions

School health and learning environment 15 questions

Attendance, chronic absenteeism, and health 3 questions

Behavioral health integration with schools 3 questions

Infectious disease control in schools 3 questions

School physicals and participation forms 3 questions

Special education supports (overview) 3 questions

Social determinants of health (SDOH) screening and intervention 14 questions

Food insecurity and nutrition access 3 questions

Housing instability and environmental risk 3 questions

Language access and health literacy 3 questions

Racism, bias, and equity in child health 3 questions

Transportation and access barriers 2 questions

Health supervision and preventive counseling 80 questions

Adolescent preventive care and risk reduction 17 questions

Confidentiality and consent in adolescent care (preventive framing) 3 questions

Eating disorders and body image screening 3 questions

Sexual and reproductive health screening and counseling 4 questions

Substance use prevention and intervention 4 questions

Violence, bullying, and relationship safety 3 questions

Immunizations (routine and special situations) 14 questions

Catch-up immunization strategies 3 questions

Post-exposure prophylaxis and outbreak vaccination 3 questions

Routine childhood immunization principles 2 questions

Special populations (immunocompromised, pregnancy exposure, asplenia) 4 questions

Vaccine hesitancy counseling 2 questions

Injury prevention and safety counseling 18 questions

Drowning prevention 5 questions

Firearm injury prevention 3 questions

Motor vehicle safety 4 questions

Poisoning prevention 3 questions

Sports and recreation safety 3 questions

Screening in primary care (age-appropriate) 16 questions

Anemia/lead and other lab screening 3 questions

Hearing screening 4 questions

Mental health and substance use screening 3 questions

Newborn screening and early infancy preventive care 3 questions

Vision screening 3 questions

Well-child visit structure and age-based priorities 15 questions

Anticipatory guidance frameworks 3 questions

Care coordination and follow-up planning 3 questions

Developmental/behavioral surveillance integration 3 questions

Periodic health supervision timing (conceptual schedule) 3 questions

Vital signs and growth monitoring 3 questions

Professional Practice 90 questions

Ethics, law, and professional responsibilities 90 questions

Child protection duties and reporting (core professional practice) 15 questions

Communication with caregivers in suspected abuse 2 questions

Mandatory reporting principles 3 questions

Medical mimics and avoiding diagnostic error 4 questions

Professional boundaries and self-care after difficult cases 3 questions

Recognizing possible abuse and neglect (overview) 3 questions

Communication skills and professionalism 15 questions

Conflict resolution and teamwork 3 questions

Cultural humility and cross-cultural communication 3 questions

Delivering difficult news and serious illness communication 3 questions

Documentation and medicolegal quality 3 questions

Professionalism lapses and remediation awareness 3 questions

Confidentiality and privacy in adolescent care 12 questions

Creating confidential time in visits 3 questions

Electronic communication professionalism 3 questions

Information sharing with schools and agencies 2 questions

Mandatory disclosure exceptions 2 questions

Sensitive services (sexual health, mental health, substance use) 2 questions

Consent, assent, and capacity in pediatrics 17 questions

Mature minor and emancipated minor concepts (jurisdiction-dependent) 3 questions

Parental permission vs child assent 4 questions

Refusal of treatment and best interest standard 3 questions

Research consent in minors (overview) 3 questions

Shared decision-making and informed consent elements 4 questions

Quality, safety, and clinical governance 15 questions

Error disclosure and apology 3 questions

Infection prevention and antimicrobial stewardship (professional practice) 3 questions

Medication and diagnostic safety in pediatrics 3 questions

Patient safety fundamentals 3 questions

Quality improvement (QI) methods 3 questions

Research literacy and statistics for clinicians 16 questions

Critical appraisal of medical literature 3 questions

Data safety and privacy (overview) 3 questions

Ethics in research and publication 3 questions

Interpreting common statistical outputs 4 questions

Practice improvement through audit (overview) 3 questions

Advanced

Advanced Pediatrics

1,852 questions

Adolescent and Transition Care 121 questions

Adolescent medicine and confidential care 83 questions

Confidentiality, consent, and communication in adolescent care 14 questions

Assessing decision-making capacity and risk 3 questions

Cultural humility and inclusive care 3 questions

Mandatory reporting and safety exceptions 2 questions

Structuring the visit with private time 3 questions

Transitioning responsibility from parents to youth 3 questions

Eating disorders and adolescent nutrition 13 questions

Anorexia nervosa and restrictive eating disorders 3 questions

ARFID in adolescents (overview) 2 questions

Athlete triad / RED-S (overview) 2 questions

Body image, weight stigma, and counseling 3 questions

Bulimia nervosa and purging behaviors 3 questions

Gender, identity, and adolescent psychosocial development (principles) 14 questions

Depression, anxiety, and suicide risk in adolescents 3 questions

Gender diversity affirming care principles 3 questions

Normal identity development and psychosocial tasks 3 questions

Online safety and exploitation risks 2 questions

Sexual orientation and minority stress (overview) 3 questions

Sexual and reproductive health 13 questions

Contraception counseling and provision (overview) 3 questions

Menstrual disorders in adolescents (advanced overview) 3 questions

Pregnancy testing and options counseling (overview) 2 questions

Pubertal development and normal sexual health counseling 3 questions

STI screening, diagnosis, and prevention 2 questions

Sports participation and adolescent health maintenance 14 questions

Concussion management and return-to-play/learn 3 questions

Heat illness and hydration strategies 3 questions

Injury prevention and overuse in adolescents 3 questions

Preparticipation evaluation (PPE) and cardiac screening concepts 2 questions

Substance use in sports (supplements, steroids) 3 questions

Substance use and risk behaviors 15 questions

Alcohol use and poisoning risk 3 questions

Nicotine/vaping and cannabis 3 questions

Opioids and overdose prevention 3 questions

Risky driving, violence, and legal risks 3 questions

Screening and brief intervention 3 questions

Transition to adult care for chronic disease 38 questions

Adherence, risk reduction, and psychosocial supports 12 questions

Emergency preparedness and self-advocacy 2 questions

Medication adherence strategies 3 questions

Mental health comorbidity screening 2 questions

Reproductive health counseling in chronic disease 3 questions

Social determinants and transition success 2 questions

Disease-specific transition considerations (selected) 14 questions

Congenital heart disease transition 3 questions

Cystic fibrosis transition 3 questions

Inflammatory bowel disease transition 3 questions

Sickle cell disease transition 2 questions

Type 1 diabetes transition 3 questions

Transition planning frameworks 12 questions

Handover communication and summaries 2 questions

Health literacy and developmental considerations 4 questions

Legal changes at age of majority 2 questions

Quality metrics and barriers in transition (overview) 2 questions

Readiness assessment and milestones 2 questions

Advanced Basic Sciences 92 questions

Advanced cardiopulmonary physiology and monitoring 38 questions

Advanced fluids, electrolytes, and acid–base 13 questions

Complex acid–base analysis 3 questions

DKA electrolyte and osmolality management nuances 3 questions

Hyponatremia management in CNS disease and SIADH 2 questions

Massive transfusion and coagulopathy physiology 2 questions

Renal replacement therapy effects on electrolytes/drugs (overview) 3 questions

Advanced respiratory mechanics and ventilation strategies 12 questions

Compliance, resistance, and time constants 3 questions

Gas exchange and oxygenation indices 2 questions

Noninvasive respiratory support escalation 2 questions

Permissive hypercapnia and lung-protective ventilation 2 questions

Ventilator modes and settings (conceptual mastery) 3 questions

Hemodynamics, shock physiology, and vasoactive pharmacology 13 questions

Fluid responsiveness and overload harm 3 questions

Hemodynamic profiles and bedside assessment 2 questions

Microcirculation and lactate kinetics 2 questions

Post-cardiac arrest physiology overview 3 questions

Vasoactive agents selection principles 3 questions

Advanced clinical pharmacology and therapeutics 54 questions

Antimicrobial optimization and complex infections (advanced principles) 15 questions

Antibiotic resistance mechanisms (board-relevant) 3 questions

Antifungal and antiviral therapeutics (advanced overview) 4 questions

Broad-spectrum selection and de-escalation 3 questions

Pharmacodynamics and dosing strategies 2 questions

Source control and ID consultation triggers 3 questions

Drug dosing in organ dysfunction (renal/hepatic) 13 questions

Drug–drug interactions in pediatrics 3 questions

Hepatic dysfunction dosing considerations 2 questions

Obesity dosing strategies 2 questions

Renal dosing adjustments 3 questions

Therapeutic drug monitoring (advanced) 3 questions

Evidence appraisal and diagnostic reasoning (advanced) 13 questions

Advanced diagnostic test interpretation 3 questions

Clinical prediction models and calibration 2 questions

Critical care research literacy (overview) 2 questions

Diagnostic error and cognitive debiasing 3 questions

Guideline appraisal and applying to complex patients 3 questions

Sedation, analgesia, and delirium in critically ill children 13 questions

Analgesia-first sedation concept 2 questions

Neuromuscular blockade (NMB) overview 3 questions

Pediatric delirium recognition and management 3 questions

Sedative agents selection and adverse effects 3 questions

Withdrawal and weaning 2 questions

Child Protection and Safeguarding 69 questions

Recognition and medical evaluation of maltreatment 69 questions

Documentation, reporting, and legal processes 14 questions

Bias, equity, and avoiding disparities in reporting 3 questions

Court testimony basics (overview) 3 questions

High-quality medical documentation for safeguarding cases 3 questions

Mandatory reporting workflow and collaboration 2 questions

Trauma-informed care for child and family 3 questions

Maltreatment mimics and special considerations 13 questions

Accidental injury patterns and developmental plausibility 3 questions

Bleeding disorders workup in concerning bruising 2 questions

Bone disease mimics 3 questions

Dermatologic mimics of injury 3 questions

Safeguarding in children with disability and communication barriers 2 questions

Neglect, medical neglect, and emotional abuse 13 questions

Emotional abuse and exposure to domestic violence 3 questions

Failure to thrive and neglect interface 2 questions

Medical neglect 2 questions

Physical neglect and unsafe environments 3 questions

Substance-exposed caregiving and safeguarding 3 questions

Physical abuse recognition and injury pattern analysis 15 questions

Abusive head trauma (AHT) recognition 3 questions

Bruising patterns and sentinel injuries 3 questions

Burns and scald injuries 3 questions

Differential diagnosis and medical mimics 4 questions

Fractures suspicious for abuse 2 questions

Sexual abuse evaluation (medical aspects) 14 questions

History-taking principles and forensic interface 3 questions

Mandatory reporting and multidisciplinary coordination 3 questions

Physical exam principles and limitations 2 questions

Sex trafficking and exploitation recognition (overview) 3 questions

STI testing and prophylaxis concepts 3 questions

Complex and Palliative Care 117 questions

Children with medical complexity and technology dependence 60 questions

Care coordination and the medical home for complexity 15 questions

Complex care planning and shared goals 3 questions

Health equity and caregiver burden 3 questions

Medication and equipment reconciliation 2 questions

Preventive care adaptations in complex children 3 questions

Transitions across settings (hospital-home-school) 4 questions

Enteral feeding tubes and nutrition support 13 questions

Aspiration risk and feeding regimens 3 questions

Ethical issues in long-term tube feeding 2 questions

Gastrostomy and jejunostomy tube care 2 questions

Nutrition monitoring and complications 3 questions

Short bowel and intestinal failure (overview) 3 questions

Neurologic complexity (severe epilepsy, neuromuscular disease) 17 questions

Caregiver support and respite 4 questions

Communication impairment supports 4 questions

Neuromuscular respiratory failure planning 3 questions

Refractory epilepsy care planning 3 questions

Spasticity, dystonia, and pain management 3 questions

Tracheostomy and chronic respiratory support 15 questions

Airway clearance and secretion management 2 questions

Chronic ventilation (invasive and noninvasive) 4 questions

Family training, emergency plans, and community integration 4 questions

Respiratory infections and antibiotic decisions in trach patients 2 questions

Routine tracheostomy care and complications 3 questions

Pediatric palliative care and symptom management 57 questions

Core principles of pediatric palliative care 16 questions

Assessing goals, values, and quality of life 3 questions

Communication in serious illness 3 questions

Cultural and spiritual considerations 4 questions

Ethics: withholding/withdrawing life-sustaining treatment 3 questions

Palliative care vs hospice distinctions 3 questions

End-of-life care and bereavement 14 questions

After-death care and legal documentation (overview) 2 questions

Bereavement support 3 questions

Clinician wellbeing and debriefing 2 questions

Location of death planning (home/hospital/hospice) 4 questions

Recognizing dying trajectory and preparing families 3 questions

Non-pain symptom management 12 questions

Agitation and delirium in palliative settings 3 questions

Dyspnea management 2 questions

Nausea/vomiting and constipation 3 questions

Secretion management 2 questions

Seizures at end of life 2 questions

Pain management in palliative care 15 questions

Adjuvant analgesics 3 questions

Opioid stewardship and risk mitigation 3 questions

Opioid therapy principles 3 questions

Pain assessment in nonverbal children 2 questions

Procedural and acute pain episodes 4 questions

Critical and Emergency Care 93 questions

High-acuity resuscitation and ICU syndromes 93 questions

Advanced airway and mechanical ventilation in ICU/ED 14 questions

ARDS and severe hypoxemia strategies 3 questions

Difficult airway rescue and failed airway algorithms 2 questions

Post-intubation management 3 questions

Rapid sequence intubation (RSI) planning 3 questions

Status asthmaticus ventilation pitfalls 3 questions

Crisis resource management (CRM) and systems skills 14 questions

Ethics in critical care decisions (overview) 2 questions

Handoffs, transport, and escalation 3 questions

Human factors and error prevention in ICU/ED 3 questions

Procedural competence and complication management 3 questions

Team leadership and communication in resuscitation 3 questions

DKA, HHS, and endocrine emergencies in critical care 12 questions

Adrenal crisis and severe hypoglycemia 2 questions

Cerebral edema recognition and treatment 3 questions

DKA protocol nuances (advanced) 3 questions

Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS) in youth (overview) 2 questions

Thyroid storm and myxedema (rare) 2 questions

Neurologic critical care: status epilepticus, ICP, coma 13 questions

Coma evaluation in ICU 2 questions

Increased intracranial pressure and herniation management 2 questions

Post-cardiac arrest care (overview) 3 questions

Refractory status epilepticus management 2 questions

Sedation confounders and brain death basics (overview) 4 questions

Septic shock advanced management 14 questions

Adjunctive therapies and source control 3 questions

Complications (DIC, AKI, ARDS) 3 questions

Early recognition and time-sensitive interventions 3 questions

Monitoring and endpoints of resuscitation 3 questions

Vasoactive choice tailoring 2 questions

Toxicology and environmental emergencies (advanced) 14 questions

Envenomation and toxic exposures (overview) 3 questions

High-risk cardiovascular toxin ingestions 3 questions

Serotonin syndrome vs NMS 2 questions

Severe acetaminophen and salicylate poisoning 3 questions

Toxic alcohols and metabolic acidosis 3 questions

Trauma critical care and hemorrhage control 12 questions

Abdominal trauma and solid organ injury management 2 questions

Massive hemorrhage and transfusion strategy (conceptual) 2 questions

Severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) principles 2 questions

Spinal cord injury and neurogenic shock 3 questions

Thoracic trauma and tension pneumothorax 3 questions

Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics 65 questions

Neurodisability and complex developmental medicine 65 questions

Autism and neurodevelopmental differences (advanced) 13 questions

Behavioral challenges (irritability, aggression) 3 questions

Comprehensive evaluation in complex ASD 3 questions

Family counseling and neurodiversity-affirming practice 3 questions

School supports and transition planning 2 questions

Sensory processing and OT interventions (overview) 2 questions

Cerebral palsy (CP) comprehensive management 15 questions

Classification and functional assessment 3 questions

Feeding, nutrition, and aspiration management 3 questions

Hip surveillance and orthopedic complications 3 questions

Pain, sleep, and quality of life 2 questions

Tone management strategies 4 questions

Complex ADHD and comorbidity management 12 questions

ADHD with anxiety/depression 2 questions

ADHD with autism and developmental delay 3 questions

ADHD with learning disorders and executive dysfunction 2 questions

Substance use risk and diversion prevention 2 questions

Tics and ADHD 3 questions

Feeding disorders and ARFID (advanced overview) 13 questions

Aspiration and oropharyngeal dysphagia management 3 questions

Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) 3 questions

Family-centered counseling and caregiver stress 2 questions

Pediatric feeding disorder framework 2 questions

Tube feeding and weaning principles 3 questions

Sleep disorders in neurodevelopmental conditions 12 questions

Insomnia and circadian rhythm disorders 3 questions

Medication contributors to sleep problems 2 questions

Parasomnias vs nocturnal seizures 3 questions

Restless sleep and iron deficiency 2 questions

Sleep-disordered breathing in special populations 2 questions

Genetics and Metabolism 98 questions

Genetic testing, counseling, and dysmorphology (advanced) 29 questions

Advanced test selection and interpretation 13 questions

Ethical issues: testing minors, carrier testing, and privacy 3 questions

Microarray vs exome/genome vs targeted testing 2 questions

Prenatal genetics interface (advanced overview) 4 questions

Secondary findings and incidental results 2 questions

Variant interpretation and counseling (VUS) 2 questions

Dysmorphology and syndrome recognition (advanced set) 16 questions

Approach to multiple congenital anomalies 3 questions

Common microdeletion/duplication syndromes (overview) 3 questions

Connective tissue disorders (Marfan/EDS) overview 3 questions

Genetic short stature syndromes (overview) 4 questions

RASopathies overview 3 questions

Inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) and metabolic emergencies 69 questions

Approach to acute metabolic decompensation 11 questions

Avoiding iatrogenic harm 2 questions

Counseling and emergency plans for families 2 questions

Hyperammonemia management 3 questions

Initial stabilization and stopping catabolism 2 questions

Key diagnostic labs (critical sample) 2 questions

Fatty acid oxidation disorders (FAOD) 12 questions

Acute management 2 questions

Chronic management and prevention 3 questions

Clinical presentation and hypoketotic hypoglycemia 2 questions

Diagnostic testing and newborn screening 3 questions

MCAD deficiency core board details 2 questions

Mitochondrial and lysosomal/peroxisomal disorders (overview) 15 questions

Lysosomal storage disorders overview 3 questions

Mitochondrial disease red flags 3 questions

Peroxisomal disorders overview 3 questions

Porphyria awareness (rare but testable) 3 questions

Supportive care and palliative considerations 3 questions

Organic acidemias 15 questions

Acute management concepts 3 questions

Long-term management overview 4 questions

Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) 3 questions

Methylmalonic acidemia specifics (overview) 3 questions

Presentation and lab patterns 2 questions

Urea cycle disorders 16 questions

Acute management 3 questions

Chronic management overview 4 questions

Clinical presentation patterns 3 questions

Diagnostic approach 3 questions

Medication contraindications and perioperative planning 3 questions

Leadership and Scholarship 60 questions

Quality improvement, safety, and systems-based practice 60 questions

Patient safety science and event analysis 17 questions

High reliability organization principles 3 questions

Human factors and systems thinking 3 questions

Medication safety and diagnostic safety initiatives 5 questions

Root cause analysis (RCA) and action planning 3 questions

Safety event reporting and just culture 3 questions

Quality improvement (QI) methods and measurement 13 questions

Building an aim statement and driver diagram 3 questions

Equity in QI 2 questions

Measurement for improvement 3 questions

PDSA cycles and iterative testing 3 questions

Sustainability and reliability 2 questions

Research methods, teaching, and leadership 17 questions

Ethics, IRB, and dissemination 3 questions

Feedback, coaching, and assessment 3 questions

Leadership in clinical teams 4 questions

Research design and statistics (advanced overview) 4 questions

Teaching skills and curriculum design 3 questions

Resource stewardship and guideline implementation 13 questions

Antimicrobial stewardship programs (systems level) 2 questions

Choosing tests and treatments wisely (value-based care) 3 questions

Clinical pathways and standardization 2 questions

Health informatics and clinical decision support (overview) 4 questions

Implementation science basics (overview) 2 questions

Neonatal Intensive Care 85 questions

Extreme prematurity and NICU stabilization 85 questions

Delivery room care for extremely preterm infants 12 questions

Delayed cord clamping and placental transfusion 2 questions

Family communication and shared decision-making 2 questions

Initial vascular access and labs 3 questions

Respiratory support at birth 2 questions

Thermoregulation and prevention of heat loss 3 questions

Hemodynamics, PDA, and cardiovascular issues 15 questions

Anemia and transfusion thresholds in preterm infants (overview) 3 questions

Congenital heart disease stabilization in NICU 3 questions

Hypotension in preterm infants 3 questions

Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) management controversies (overview) 3 questions

Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) in NICU 3 questions

Neonatal infection, antimicrobial use, and transport 12 questions

Antibiotic stewardship in NICU 2 questions

Congenital infections (TORCH) advanced overview 3 questions

Ethics in extreme prematurity and limitation of support 3 questions

Late-onset sepsis and central line infections 2 questions

Neonatal transport and stabilization for transfer 2 questions

Neurologic complications and neuroprotection 16 questions

Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) and therapeutic hypothermia 3 questions

Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) and PVL 4 questions

Neonatal seizures in NICU 3 questions

Neonatal stroke and thrombosis (overview) 3 questions

Pain/stress and developmental care in NICU 3 questions

Nutrition and GI complications in NICU 14 questions

Enteral feeding advancement and human milk use 3 questions

GER and feeding intolerance in preterm infants (overview) 3 questions

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) 3 questions

Parenteral nutrition (TPN) principles and complications 3 questions

Spontaneous intestinal perforation (SIP) vs NEC 2 questions

Respiratory distress syndrome and chronic lung disease 16 questions

Apnea of prematurity 3 questions

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) 4 questions

Oxygen toxicity and retinopathy of prematurity linkage 3 questions

Surfactant biology and RDS management 3 questions

Ventilation modes in NICU (conceptual) 3 questions

Structured oral examination (SOE) 799 questions

Unspecified domain 799 questions

Advanced—Adolescent & Behavioral Health: Gender-affirming supportive care 8 questions

Advanced—Adolescent & Transition Care: Transition planning 8 questions

Advanced—Adolescent/ID: HIV management and prevention counseling 8 questions

Advanced—Child Protection & Safeguarding: Abusive head trauma 8 questions

Advanced—Child Protection & Safeguarding: Suspected physical abuse 8 questions

Advanced—Complex & Palliative Care: Symptom management at end of life 8 questions

Advanced—Complex Care: Technology dependence and recurrent aspiration 8 questions

Advanced—Critical & Emergency Care/Oncology: Febrile neutropenia 9 questions

Advanced—Critical & Emergency Care: Drowning management 8 questions

Advanced—Critical & Emergency Care: Pediatric trauma resuscitation 8 questions

Advanced—Critical Care: ICU delirium and sedation weaning 8 questions

Advanced—Critical Care: Pediatric ARDS ventilation strategy 7 questions

Advanced—Genetics & Metabolism/Neonatal: Metabolic crisis from NBS alert 8 questions

Advanced—Genetics & Metabolism: Suspected mitochondrial disease 9 questions

Advanced—Genetics & Metabolism: Urea cycle disorder 7 questions

Advanced—Hematology/Critical Care: VTE and PE in adolescents 9 questions

Advanced—Hematology/Neuro: Pediatric stroke in sickle cell 8 questions

Advanced—Leadership & Public Health: Outbreak response and resource allocation 8 questions

Advanced—Leadership & Scholarship: Evidence appraisal and guideline use 7 questions

Advanced—Neonatal Intensive Care: Refractory PPHN 8 questions

Advanced—Preventive Care/Oncology: Vaccines in immunocompromised host 8 questions

Advanced—Subspecialty Pediatrics: SLE with lupus nephritis 9 questions

Core—Acute & Emergency Care/Pulmonology: Status asthmaticus 8 questions

Core—Acute & Emergency Care: Bronchiolitis vs pneumonia 8 questions

Core—Acute & Emergency Care: Burns 8 questions

Core—Acute & Emergency Care: Febrile young infant 8 questions

Core—Acute & Emergency Care: Foreign body aspiration 8 questions

Core—Acute & Emergency Care: Septic shock resuscitation 8 questions

Core—Acute & Emergency Care: Upper airway obstruction 5 questions

Core—Acute Care/Procedures: Procedural sedation safety 8 questions

Core—Acute Care: Dehydration and electrolyte disorders 8 questions

Core—Adolescent/ID: PID and STI management 8 questions

Core—Adolescent Medicine: Contraception and risk counseling 8 questions

Core—Adolescent Medicine: Eating disorder with medical instability 8 questions

Core—Allergy/Immunology: Anaphylaxis 8 questions

Core—Behavioral & Psychosocial Health: Suicide risk assessment 8 questions

Core—Behavioral/GI: Functional constipation with encopresis 8 questions

Core—Behavioral Health: ADHD differential and management 9 questions

Core—Cardiology/Acute Care: Supraventricular tachycardia 8 questions

Core—Cardiology/Infectious: Acute rheumatic fever 8 questions

Core—Cardiology/Neonatal: Tetralogy of Fallot with hypercyanotic spell 8 questions

Core—Cardiology: Mitral valve prolapse evaluation 8 questions

Core—Dermatology/Immunology: Atopic dermatitis complications 8 questions

Core—Dermatology/Infectious: Neonatal rash with systemic illness 8 questions

Core—Developmental/Genetics: Global developmental delay workup 8 questions

Core—Developmental Pediatrics: Autism evaluation pathway 8 questions

Core—Endocrinology/Acute Care: Diabetic ketoacidosis 8 questions

Core—Endocrinology/Metabolism: Hypoglycemia evaluation 8 questions

Core—Endocrinology/Neonatal: CAH adrenal crisis 8 questions

Core—Endocrinology: Hypothyroidism 8 questions

Core—Endocrinology: Precocious puberty 8 questions

Core—Endocrinology: Sick-day management in T1D 8 questions

Core—Endocrinology: Type 2 diabetes in youth 9 questions

Core—Gastroenterology/Acute Care: Appendicitis 8 questions

Core—Gastroenterology/Acute Care: Intussusception 8 questions

Core—Gastroenterology: Cholestasis and biliary atresia 8 questions

Core—Gastroenterology: IBD flare vs infection 7 questions

Core—Gastroenterology: Pyloric stenosis 8 questions

Core—Growth & Development/Endocrinology: Delayed puberty 8 questions

Core—Growth & Development: Failure to thrive 8 questions

Core—Growth/Behavior: Trauma-informed care and resilience 8 questions

Core—Hematology/Ortho: Hemarthrosis management 8 questions

Core—Hematology/Pulmonology: Acute chest syndrome 8 questions

Core—Hematology: Anemia evaluation 8 questions

Core—Hematology: Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) 8 questions

Core—Immunology: Complement deficiency 8 questions

Core—Infectious/Nephrology: HUS after dysentery 8 questions

Core—Infectious Disease/Acute Care: Meningitis/meningococcemia 8 questions

Core—Infectious Disease/Neuro: Bacillary dysentery complications 7 questions

Core—Infectious Disease: SSTI and MRSA risk 8 questions

Core—Infectious Disease: Tuberculosis screening and management 8 questions

Core—MSK/Infectious: Septic arthritis vs transient synovitis 8 questions

Core—MSK/Neuro: Concussion management and return-to-play 9 questions

Core—Neonatal & Perinatal Care: Apnea with shock differential 8 questions

Core—Neonatal & Perinatal Care: Hyperbilirubinemia 9 questions

Core—Neonatal & Perinatal Care: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) 8 questions

Core—Neonatal & Perinatal Care: PPHN vs ductal-dependent CHD 8 questions

Core—Neonatal & Perinatal Care: RDS evolving to BPD 8 questions

Core—Neonatal Care: Neonatal opioid withdrawal (NOWS) 8 questions

Core—Nephrology/Infectious: Pyelonephritis and VUR evaluation 8 questions

Core—Nephrology/Urology: Nephrolithiasis 8 questions

Core—Nephrology: Acute postinfectious GN 8 questions

Core—Nephrology: Nephrotic syndrome 8 questions

Core—Neurology/Acute Care: Status epilepticus 8 questions

Core—Neurology/Behavioral: Migraine and functional impact 7 questions

Core—Oncology/Infectious: Lymphadenopathy differential (Hodgkin vs TB/EBV) 8 questions

Core—Oncology: Acute leukemia presentation and emergencies 9 questions

Core—Preventive & Community Care: Immunization counseling 8 questions

Core—Preventive & Community Care: Travel medicine 8 questions

Core—Preventive/Cardiology: Dyslipidemia and familial hypercholesterolemia 8 questions

Core—Preventive/Nephrology: Pediatric hypertension 8 questions

Core—Professional Practice: Communication and handoff reliability (I-PASS) 8 questions

Core—Professional Practice: Patient safety and quality improvement 7 questions

Core—Pulmonology/Behavioral: Dyspnea differential and chronic disease management 8 questions

Core—Pulmonology/Sleep: Obstructive sleep apnea 8 questions

Core—Pulmonology: Cystic fibrosis chronic care and exacerbation 8 questions

Core—Rheumatology/Cardiology: Kawasaki disease 8 questions

Core—Rheumatology: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis 8 questions

Core—Toxicology/Acute Care: Unknown ingestion 8 questions

Core—Toxicology/Hepatology: Acute liver failure 8 questions

Subspecialty Pediatrics 253 questions

Advanced Cardiology 41 questions

Advanced arrhythmia management 14 questions

Atrial flutter/fibrillation in children (overview) 3 questions

Channelopathies and sudden cardiac death prevention 3 questions

Pacemakers and ICDs (overview) 3 questions

Wide complex tachycardia differential 2 questions

WPW syndrome and pre-excitation 3 questions

Cardiomyopathy and myocarditis (advanced) 14 questions

Cardiac diagnostics interpretation (advanced) 3 questions

Dilated cardiomyopathy evaluation 3 questions

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) in youth 3 questions

Myocarditis acute management and ECMO consideration 2 questions

Pulmonary hypertension advanced overview 3 questions

Complex congenital heart disease physiology 13 questions

Coarctation and arch obstruction nuances 3 questions

Endocarditis in congenital heart disease 2 questions

Single ventricle palliation stages (conceptual) 3 questions

Tetralogy of Fallot variants and spells 2 questions

Transposition and mixing lesions management principles 3 questions

Advanced Gastroenterology/Hepatology 139 questions

Advanced Endocrinology 15 questions

Complex DKA and cerebral edema management 3 questions

Disorders of puberty and DSD (advanced principles) 3 questions

Endocrine hypertension and metabolic syndromes (overview) 3 questions

Hypoglycemia workup with critical sample interpretation 2 questions

Thyroid storm and adrenal crisis (advanced emergencies) 4 questions

Advanced Hematology/Oncology 16 questions

Complicated bleeding/thrombosis scenarios 3 questions

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) overview 3 questions

Oncologic emergencies beyond TLS 3 questions

Sickle cell complex management 3 questions

Survivorship and late effects (overview) 4 questions

Advanced Nephrology/Urology 16 questions

CKD progression and complications management 4 questions

Complex CAKUT and recurrent UTI management 2 questions

Dialysis and transplant complications (overview) 4 questions

Glomerular disease beyond basics (nephritic/nephrotic spectrum) 3 questions

Hypertension with renal disease (advanced) 3 questions

Advanced Neurology 13 questions

Demyelinating disease in pediatrics (overview) 3 questions

Epileptic encephalopathies and urgent syndromes 3 questions

Headache complex cases and secondary causes (advanced) 3 questions

Neuromuscular respiratory failure management (overview) 2 questions

Status epilepticus refractory management (overview) 2 questions

Allergy/Immunology and Rheumatology (advanced) 16 questions

Complex JIA and biologic therapy monitoring 2 questions

MIS-C and hyperinflammation (advanced overview) 4 questions

Primary immunodeficiency detailed patterns (selected) 3 questions

Severe drug reactions and allergy delabeling 4 questions

Systemic vasculitides and connective tissue diseases (advanced overview) 3 questions

Chronic liver disease and portal hypertension 18 questions

Acute liver failure (advanced recognition) 3 questions

Autoimmune hepatitis and PSC overview 4 questions

Cholestatic disease (biliary atresia post-Kasai, PFIC overview) 4 questions

Cirrhosis complications 4 questions

Hepatitis B/C chronic infection management concepts 3 questions

Dermatology (advanced) 16 questions

Dermatologic manifestations of systemic disease 3 questions

Genodermatoses and neurocutaneous disorders (selected) 4 questions

Serious skin infections and toxin-mediated disease 3 questions

Severe eczema and systemic therapies (overview) 3 questions

Vascular tumors and malformations (advanced overview) 3 questions

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) comprehensive overview 14 questions

Complications and emergencies 3 questions

Crohn vs ulcerative colitis phenotypes 3 questions

Initial evaluation and biomarkers 2 questions

Nutrition and bone health in IBD 3 questions

Therapy principles 3 questions

Pancreatitis and biliary disorders 15 questions

Acute pancreatitis diagnosis and causes 4 questions

Biliary dyskinesia and RUQ pain (overview) 3 questions

Chronic pancreatitis (overview) 2 questions

Management principles 3 questions

Short bowel syndrome and intestinal failure (overview) 3 questions

Advanced Pulmonology/Sleep 59 questions

Bronchiectasis and chronic suppurative lung disease 16 questions

Aspiration and airway abnormalities 3 questions

Complications and long-term follow-up 4 questions

Etiologies and evaluation 3 questions

Management strategies 3 questions

Primary ciliary dyskinesia diagnostics (overview) 3 questions

Cystic fibrosis (CF) advanced management overview 14 questions

Airway clearance and chronic infection suppression 3 questions

CF complications 3 questions

CFTR modulators concept 3 questions

Infection control and cross-infection prevention 2 questions

Nutrition and pancreatic insufficiency management 3 questions

Severe asthma phenotypes and biologics (overview) 15 questions

Biologic therapies concept 3 questions

Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction and differential 3 questions

Phenotyping and modifiable risk factors 3 questions

Severe exacerbation prevention strategies 3 questions

Spirometry and bronchodilator response interpretation 3 questions

Sleep medicine (advanced) 14 questions

Behavioral sleep interventions for complex cases 2 questions

Central sleep apnea and hypoventilation syndromes (overview) 3 questions

Complex OSA and residual OSA post-tonsillectomy 2 questions

Narcolepsy and hypersomnia (overview) 3 questions

Periodic limb movement and restless legs in youth 4 questions

Orthopedics/Sports Medicine (advanced) 14 questions

Complex hip disorders (Perthes, SCFE complications) 14 questions

Hip pain differential in athletes 3 questions

Perthes disease staging concept 3 questions

Rehabilitation and return-to-play decisions 2 questions

SCFE complications and prevention 3 questions

Sports-related sudden death screening overlap (overview) 3 questions